Which part of the tooth is primarily responsible for sensation and blood supply?

The pulp is the part of the tooth that is primarily responsible for sensation and blood supply. This soft tissue, located in the center of the tooth, contains nerves and blood vessels that play a critical role in tooth health. The nerves within the pulp are sensitive to various stimuli, such as temperature and pressure, which contribute to the sensation of pain or discomfort. The blood vessels provide essential nutrients and oxygen to the tooth, helping to maintain its vitality.

Other parts of the tooth serve different functions. For instance, cementum covers the roots of the teeth and helps anchor them within the jawbone but does not play a significant role in sensation or blood supply. Dentin is the layer beneath the enamel and is involved in some sensory function but does not contain blood vessels. Enamel is the outermost protective layer and does not have nerve endings or blood supply, making it primarily protective rather than sensory in nature. Thus, the pulp is uniquely tasked with providing the tooth's necessary sensory and vascular functions.