What are the signs of gingivitis that an EFDA should recognize?

The signs of gingivitis that an EFDA should recognize include red and swollen gums, bleeding when brushing or flossing, and bad breath. These indicators are classic symptoms of gingivitis, which is an inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup at the gumline. When the gums are healthy, they appear pink and should not bleed during routine oral hygiene practices such as brushing or flossing. The inflammation can also lead to malodor, contributing to bad breath.

In contrast, the other choices present symptoms that are more associated with more advanced stages of periodontal disease or other dental conditions. For example, tooth discoloration and increased tooth sensitivity often relate to dental caries or other dental issues rather than gingivitis specifically. Loose teeth and persistent toothache suggest a significant progression of periodontal disease or infection, while severe bone loss and gum recession are typically characteristics of advanced periodontitis rather than gingivitis. Recognizing gingivitis early through its primary signs can help in preventing further periodontal complications.